Carbubetob



July 24, 1923- 1,463,034

A. C. BENNETT July 24, 1923- A. C. BENNETT CARBURETOR Filed Feb. l0 1914 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented `luly 24, 1923.

UNITED ASTATES PATENT oFFIcE.-

ASHLEY C. BENNETT, OF MINNEAPOLIS', MINNESOTA, ASSIGNOR TO IRENE BENNETT,

F MINNEATOLIS, MINNESQTA.

CARBURETOR.

1 c all `whom t may concern.'

Y Be it known that I, ASHLEY C. BENNETT,

a citizen of the `United States, residingat Minneapolis, in the county ofHennepin and State of Minnesota, have invented, certain new and useful Improvements in Carburetors, of which the following is a speciication. y

My invention relates to icarburetors, and has for its objectto provide improved means for admitting primary and secondary lair to the carburetor, the primary air being preheated or not, according to whether the machine is runningat high or low 'speeds'. and improved ymeans 'for carburetting air `with heavy fuel oils.

The full objects and advantages oi,` my invention will appear in connection with the detailed description thereof and are particularly pointed out' in the claims.`

In the drawings, illustrating the application'of my invention in one form,-

Fig. 1 is a sectionalviewof al carburetor having my improvementsapplied thereto. Fig. 2 is a sectional view on line 2'2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a sectional view of a partv of the machine similar to that of Fig. l,

showin some parts in different positions. Fig. 4 isa view ofthe lower end ofthe carburetor'taken at right angles to thatof Fig. v1, with a Water supply pipe in section. 1

As illustrated,`the exhaust pipe 1 0 opens vinto a chamber 11 formed by a` casingy 12.

Within thelchamber 11 is an Aexpanded memn 19 on which is a feed cup 20 communicating v through aVv bore 21 with a" duct 22 formed in a pipe 23 extending across restricted por- 1tion 19 and openin into a fuel reservoir -23 formed by a casing 24. The fuel. level` in `chamber 23 is'maintained. at the height! of the bottom of an expanded portion 25 of fuel cup 20- by means of-a valve 26 icon-l v trolled 'float 27 of well known construction. i i f The bore 21- opens into a chamber 28 which in turn is in communication with a feed pipe 29 preferably formed with a series of' obliquely disposed slit-like aperturesBG. The feed of oil into bore 21v is positively controlled by `a needle valve31 threaded into a depending plug 32 and having journaled support below the carburetor in a" bridge 33 "on a` lower cap 34and provided vwith a thumb piece 35. The 'flow ofoil 'from bore 21 is positively and automatically controlled by means of a needle valve 36 on a rod 37 journaled or slidably 'mounted` in the cap 38 of feed-pipe 29 and in a bridge piece 39 acrossV port 17. The stem 37 has fast thereon a double iianged sleeve 40. ik yoke member 41 engages this sleeve between one of said lianges, and a slidingcollar 42y 44 has secured thereto at the opposite side `o1 pivot 45 an additional yolre member 51 engaging .a collar 52 on a valve member 53 normally held to `close the secondary air port l54 by .means of a spring 55.* It will be apparent thereforethat operation 4of the thumb nut 49 will oscillate'arm-44 in the desired direction to operate needlevalve 36'y for positively regulatingthe `flow of oil from bore 21. On the other hand, when the suction, induced by'increase 'of speed in the y engine, reaches a point` to overcome the spring 55 the valve 5,3 will zbe moved to admit secondary air7 at the same time rocking the arm 44, and drawing up the needle valve 36 to increase the `supplyv ofy oil from bore 21 yinto chamber 28 and feed pipe.v 29. A

piston 56 operating in aV dashpot 57 and" connected by arod 58 with valve 53 tends to steady the action of said valve ina well lrnownmanner.- l `A casing 59 surrounds the` exhaust pipe 10 where the same joins with casing"` 12,1 an 'airf yadmission aperture 60 opening into the space 61 within said casing 59. A pipe V62 opens communication between thespace 61 and a chamber 63 inthe lowerpart ofthe Vcontractedmember 197 said pipeV 62` being` Aflattened at its lower end and extending about the contracted portion 19 with an annular expanded passageway 64, as clearly shown, the 'pipe 62 and passageway 64C com municating with chamber 63 through apertures 6,5.. The lower portion of the mein-A ber 19 Vis closed by the'eap 34, as before pointed out. This cap 311 is provided with a `port G6 adapted to be closed by a valve 67 which, as shown, is a gravity valve, although a. spring-actuated valve may be employed, if desired. The valve 67 isv pro rided with a tubular stem 68 wliich'slides upon the valve stem 31. At its upper end the stem 68 has connected therewith a sleeve 69 registering with thel inner walls of chamber 63 and adapted to cover the apertures 65 when the valve is caused to assume its. open position by increased suction of high speed', as indicated in Fig. 3.

It will be apparent that at moderate speeds, or unless valve 67' shall be opened', primary air for the carburetor will be brought through aperture andl within casing 59 where it must pass around the hot exhaust pipe 10 within chamber 611 and thence pass through pipe 62 and apertures 65 to the chamber 63y within extension 19 and then upwardly into chamber lt within expanded' casing 13. Such air will therefore be warmed to a considerable degree before entering the carburetor. If, however, the. speed; of? the engine increases to a suicient extent the suction will lift valve 67 admittingl unwarmed air to chamber 63', and at the same time the sleeve 69 will' close communica-tion with pipe .62' and thel unwarniedprimary air will be taken into the carburetor. In either case the air will pass over the expanded lip 25 of the oilr cup and the suction. will induce oil to raise in the vfeed pipe 29 and@ flow out through the ape-rtures 30 to be moved with the air in the expanded chamber 14. The aperture 17 will be of substantiallxythe same area as the chamber 63 withincontractedl portion 19` or of a special passageway 70 formed'. in the center of a diaphragm 71 at the bottom of the expanded portion 14.

rllhey effect of the suddenenlargement of the passageway through which the carburetted` airis thus caused to flow willbe-to decrease the: velocity ofthe body ofk air passing through the expandedI portion. The result of' this is that anyy particles of liquid luel carried through the opening 70, being heavier than the air, will'be 'sufficiently rev tarded so that they will spread outwardly from the aperture 7 Oand be thrown against the inside walls of casing 13'. These walls will be very hot by reason of the exhaust gasesfpassing around the casing 13 in chamber 112' andi the particles otfuel thus thrown against the hot walls will be evaporated therefrom and become part of; the perfectly carburetted mixture which finally passes through the aperture 17 into the delivery pipe 18'.

lVith this Construction it is possible to carburet air with very heavy oils, such as rrerosene, completely and with thehighest degree of eiliciency. When the engine is running at low speed the carburetting eifect of the expanded' chamber 14 is aided by the pre-heating of the primary air.

lVlien, however, the engine is running at high speed and it is desirable to carry as large an amount of mixture through the carburetor as possiblev the operation of valve 67 shuts off this warm primary air and admits unwarmed air. When so lunning at high speed it is desirable tov deliver-.1

a certain amount of moisture into the carburetted mixture. I accomplish this in my carburetor in a. highly efficient manner by providing a water supplyY passageway connected with a water pip.e.73, tl ie passage way 72 communicating through a duct 74 with the port 66 inY such position as to be closed and opened by valve 6 7, as clearly indicated in Figs. l and 3. A hand operative needle valve 75 is provided to regulate thef' f1 rate of admission of water when valve; 67 is open, according to the requirements ofv fuel and service. Byr this arrangement the valve 67, controlled as it is byV the suction within the carburetor induced by the speed of the.:

engine, in turnV controls the admission of warmed or unwarmed air to the carburetor and of moisture with the latter as the condition of operation of the engine may require. f

I claim 1. A carburetor comprising a casing forming a carbureting chamber, a contra'ctedf neck at the bottom of said chamber, means for delivering fuel;y insaid neck, a series of' circumferentially ,located holes in the lower portion.y of said neck foradmitting heated air, aii-gopening in the bottom of said neck foradmitt-ing-normalair, said air being drawn through saidchamber bythe suction.-l -of the engine, a valve normally closing said bottom opening and uncovering said" series of holes, said valve beingv adapted to open said lower opening and cover said series of holes when the degree of suction has reached'.

a predetermined point.

2. A carburetor comprising a casing-forining a vertical passageway, a contracted neck at the bottom of the passageway, means for delivering fuel oil to saidI passageway at; the throat of the, neck, said: neck being formed with peripheralv holes fordelivering heated air, and an expandedv annular ehamber open to the atmosphere at the bottom, a valve comprising a head operating" in saidl annular chamber and adapted toclose said bottom opening, and al tubular portion slidable in said passageway and adapted to cover or uncover said ports, said valve being adapted to be raised by the suction of the engine to admit normal air and to cut off heated air when the engine reaches a predetermined speed.

3. A carburetor comprising a casing forming a passageway, means for delivering fuel oil to said passageway, means for heating and delivering heated primary air through a port in said passageway, `said casing having another port opening from. the passageway directly to atmospheric air, a valve movable in said passagewayand normally closing the last named port, said valve being movable by the suction induced by operation of the engine to open the last named port, and when so moved operating to close the first named port, and means controlled by theoperation of said valve for injecting watervinto the current of air passing through said last named port when the same has been opened.

4. A carburetor comprising a casing forming a passageway, a feed pipe in said passageway, means for delivering fuel oil to said passageway, means for conducting the exhaust gasesabout a portion only of same, an air passageway Surrounding a portion of said exhaust conducting means and opening into said first named passageway for admitting preheated primary air at low speeds, and means controlled by the speed of the air in the intake passageway for cutting ofi' the supply of warmed air and admitting primary air at atmospheric tem` heated air admitting means` said gravity valve being subject to the induced suction within the carbureting chamber and operated thereby when it reaches a predetermined degree.

In testimony whereof I aii'ix by signature in presence of two witnesses.

ASHLEY C. BENNETT. itnesses i H. A. BowMAN, F. A. WHITELEY. 

